Country Facts:
-Formed in 1918 as the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
-1929 became Yugoslovia
-1989 Slobodan Milosevic became president of the Serbian Republic of Yugoslavia
-Milosovic's ultranationalism led to the breakup of Yugoslavia
-In 1991 Croatia, Slovenia, and Macedonia declared independence followed by Bosnia in 1992
-Serbia and Montenegro declared a new Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) in April 1992 under Milosovic's leadership
-Serbia led military campaigns to unite ethinic Serbs throughout the former Yugoslavia, this led the United Nations to oust Yugoslavia
- In 1998 ethnic Albanians living in Kosovo led a small insurgency against Serbians. The FRY responded by killing Albanians and driving them out of Kosovo. This resulted in the United Nations bombing Serbia and driving them out of Kosovo.
-In September 2000 Milosevic was ousted from power and arrested for crimes against humanity in 2001. Before the completion of his trial with the International War Tribunal at the Hague.
-Montenegro decalred independance from Serbia in June 2006 and Kosovo did the same in 2008.
Ethnic Groups in Serbia:
-Serb 82.9%
-Hungarian 3.9%
-Romany (Gypsy) 1.4%
-Yugoslavs 1.1%
-Bosniaks 1.8%
-Montenegrin 0.9%
-Other 8%
Current President:
-Boris Tadic (right)
Prime Minister:
-Vojislav Kostunica (left)
Analysis:
Serbian nationals are prevalent around the Balkan region, but majorities still reside in the Serbian capital of Belgrade.
The Serbian Orthodox Church plays a large role in the identity of Serbians. Serbians grasp firmly to the ideals of the Orthodox religion.
Ethnic peoples are extremely family oriented. Those who live outside of the large cities still farm and remain dedicated to the traditional way of living. Horse drawn plows and wagons can be seen tending to the land.
When outside of the city, there are numerous roadside cafes where locals congregate to have coffee, a Serbian favorite. Passersby sometimes can see an animal being roasted outdoors to be shared with friends and family.
Serbs are very proud of their nationalism and this has led to the current issues in the country.
When Kosovo declared its independence from Serbia many ethnics were outraged and asked that other countries join them in not recognizing Kosovo as an independent state.
Serbian blogger Ljubisa Bojic wrote about the governments outrage as Kosovo made the announcement:
"In reaction Vojislav Kostunica, prime minister of Serbia, criticized America for inspiring these acts against a sovereign country. He said:
'The United States have also humiliated the European Union, and forced it to trample on the principles it is built upon,' Ko_tunica added, and warned that Europe, “which has lowered its head”, will be responsible 'for all the serious consequences that Kosovo's independence carries with it.'"
The U.S. supported Kosovo in its decision to succeed from Serbia, as well as many other European nations.
Serbia is trying to gain membership into the European Union, but after the Kosovo announcement, the Serbian parliament proposed to suspend ties with the EU in protest.
The government of Serbia is now urging President Boris Tadic to call a special parliamentary election because ministers have failed to agree upon a stance for EU relations. The hope of an election is to create a parliament that can agree on EU membership.
As well, bloggers in Serbia have been speaking out regarding Kosovo and the media's portrayal of Serbs.
When Serbians attacked the United States Embassy in Belgrade, many Serb bloggers were outraged with the international media for not giving the whole side of the story.
Serbian Blogger Rosemary Bailey Brown wrote:
"Yet again Serbia's image and much of its political and economic future is being decided vividly in headlines in the Western press. For example, the hugely influential and (usually) highly credible Washington Post just ran an editorial headlined, 'Serbia's Thugs'.
"As if the headline is not bad enough, the editorial is completely one-sided and simple-minded, basically saying Serbs Yet Again Suck, but not giving any reasons why or background into how the US government may have (heartily) contributed to the problems."
The Washington Post article compared the prime minister to Slobodan Milosevic saying that Kostunica allowed police to retreat from Belgrade allowing "thugs" to destroy the U.S. embassy.
Serbian blogger Viktor Markovi of Belgrade 2.0 gave the account of what happened:
"Riots that happened tonight were directly provoked, encouraged and fueled by the government. The government also did almost nothing to stop this obvious madness from happening – on the contrary. In comparison to an average number of policemen we had on protests during Milosevic regime, you could practically say that the streets of Belgrade were policies today."
"Unfortunately, Western medias choose to show the rioting and not the “peaceful and dignified” protest meeting in front of the parliament. And the rioting is not where the real evil was coming from tonight."
Bloggers of Serbia focus a lot on the portrayal of Serbs in the Western media. They often feel as though their is only one side of the story. These bloggers give the story of the people, not the sensationalism that is brought on by Western media outlets.
Sinisa Boljanovic is an ethnic Serb who thinks that blogging is an important tool for getting the people's voice heard. His blogs mostly cover what other bloggers are saying about Serbia and media stories regarding Serbia.
While bloggers in Serbia do not face much persecution for speaking their minds, they are an important link in writing about Serbian culture and how governmental policies affect everyday life in the country.
Here is an interview I did with Boljanovic:
How do you think blogging has changed Serbia?
During the last 20 years Serbia became a political, cultural and
social deeply divided country. Serbia change herself very slowly. According
to some unofficial sources there were just few percentages people who are able to
use a computer and Internet. Then it is logical the blogging has changed
Serbia very little.
Do you think blogging is giving Serbians a chance to express their
frustrations with the country and government?
Yes, I do. Blogging is sure one of good way the expressing of frustrations
with the country and government.
Do you know of a lot of bloggers writing out of Serbia?
There are bloggers who write out of Serbia but I could not say how many
bloggers are there. I know some of them.
Have bloggers had an effect on any government policy?
No, they didn't have direct effect on government policy. At least as far as
I know. The government policy directly depends on few controversial Serbian
businessmen. They are monopolists and by corruption of politicians
successfuly block all processes of assocination of the European Union.
Bloggers are infirm in that case.
Do you face any persecution from your government if you blog about them or
their policies?
No, I don't. Although Serbia is still not utterly democratic country, I
think there were not any so case in Serbia.
It is different with journalists of some independence media. That is very
interesting regarding Serbian bloggers criticize the power very strongly.
What do you think are the most important issues facing Serbians?
Yes, without any doubt. Serbian bloggers write about most important issues
(such as Kosovo's issue, war criminal, Ratko Mladic etc.) very very
courageously.
Is the media in your country fair and unbiased?
After the change of Milosevic regime (Oct 5, 2000) the media picture is
little better than before that. However, many media are still under control
the government and suspicious mention businessmen. In other words, many
media are unfair and unbiased.
Are bloggers in Serbia telling a story that the media is not?
There are examples when Serbian bloggers tell stories that media are not.
But they more usual react on the media stories, news etc.